Abstract: Hybrid wafer bonding is a key technology for enabling fine-pitch 3D integration, yet its quality remains highly sensitive to wafer warpage and misalignment. This study develops a 3D finite ...

The global polymers market size is estimated at USD 885.38 billion in 2026 and is expected to be worth around USD 1,424.98 billion by 2035, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.43 % ...

Science is a subject built on doing. Students learn chemistry through titrations, biology through dissections, physics ...

For the first time, researchers have succeeded in developing an artificial DNA base pair that is based on a different chemical force than natural genetic material. While the common natural DNA ...

Understanding what complex chemical measurements reveal about materials and reactions can take weeks or months of analysis. But now, an AI-powered platform developed by researchers at the Department ...

Scientists in Germany's Max Planck Institute (MPI) showed that metal surfaces can reshape what atomic motion looks like at the nanoscale.

Probing the vibration of atoms provides detailed information on local structure and bonding that define material properties.

At the nanoscale all atoms vibrate. These vibrations define heat dissipation, chemical reactions, and material properties. The different ways in which ...